China University of Science and Technology publishes new developments in plate structure research

Recently, the world-renowned geoscience review publication "Earth-science reviews" (Earth-science reviews) published the latest research results of Professor Yang Yongtai, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China (2013, v.126, p.96-115). The study questioned the traditional academic view that the ancient Pacific ocean crust had been subducting the East Asian continental margin from 300 million years ago to the present day, and proposed for the first time that during the Cretaceous, a strong landmass occurred between the Okhotsk continental block and the East Asian margin. Land collision, this event has greatly affected the geological evolution and climate change of the entire East Asia region.

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of East Asia and ancient Pacific reconstruction. (a) Late Triassic-Early Jurassic; (b) Early Cretaceous; (c) 100-89 million years; (d) 79-77 million years.

The current Okhotsk land mass is located in southeastern Russia, covered by the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. From the late Triassic to Early Jurassic 200 million years ago, the continent was roughly in the middle of the ancient Pacific Ocean (Figure 1a). In the Early Cretaceous about 140 million years ago, the nascent Pacific Ocean crust expanded rapidly to the northwest, and the Okhotsk land mass also followed the ancient Pacific to the northwest (Figure 1b). In the early Late Cretaceous about 100 million years ago, the land mass drifted to the East Asian continent and collided with southern China and southwestern Japan (Figure 1c). A large orogenic belt several kilometers high and hundreds of kilometers wide was formed in the southeastern coastal area of ​​China, southwestern Japan, and the Korean peninsula, blocking the warm and humid airflow in the Pacific Ocean. Lake environment. At the same time, the collision caused the uplift of Wuyi Mountain, Dalou Mountain, Xuefeng Mountain, Sichuan Basin, Dabie Mountain, Qinling Mountain, Bohai Bay Basin, Yanshan Mountain, Taihang Mountain, Luliang Mountain, Yinshan Mountain and Ordos Basin in eastern China. The deep subduction of the continental block to the edge of East Asia also caused the formation of an ultra-high pressure metamorphic rock belt in southwestern Japan. About 89 million years ago, as the direction of movement in the ancient Pacific Ocean changed from north-northwest to west, the Okhotsk mass began to move north along the east Asian margin, forming a large area between the Okhotsk mass and the East Asian continent. The left-slip slip transitions to the border, and a series of slip-slip faults began to operate in eastern China, the Korean Peninsula, the islands of Japan, and southeastern Russia. This land-land transition boundary is very similar to the current St. Andrews fault zone in California, USA. About 799 million years ago, the Okhotsk massif moved to Northeast Asia, collided with the Russian Siberian continental margin, and ended its long-distance northward movement (Figure 1d).

The new plate tectonic model is basically consistent in time and space with a large number of geological facts discovered by predecessors. It provides a possible source of power for many geological phenomena in the Cretaceous East Asia and provides clear evidence for the reconstruction of the ancient Pacific evolution in the Cretaceous period. . The research has been evaluated by international peers as an important academic contribution.

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