The process of problem-solving is actually the process of connecting the relevant information in the specific situation with the knowledge and experience already in the students' minds. Although physics questions take many forms and have ever-changing contents, on the whole, there is still a basic context for answering physics questions based on the thinking of high school students. The physics problem-solving process must grasp the following five key links.
1. Identify physical phenomena
The process of recognizing physical phenomena is the process of grasping the clues given to solve the problem, forming a rough physical outline of the specific problem scenario, and making a preliminary judgment on the direction of solving the problem on the basis of fully understanding and understanding the text description of the problem. Recognizing physical phenomena includes understanding the subject and determining the research object. Understanding the meaning of the question is the key to correct answers to physical problems. To quickly understand the meaning of the question, you must grasp the keyword sentence in the question, find out the relationship between the known conditions and the required physical quantities, and draw a sketch to help you understand the question if necessary. Determining the research object is actually the process of analyzing the physical conditions given by the subject as the research object and the influencing factors of the research object.
2. Analyze the physical process
The physical process refers to the movement of the physical model in the physical environment. transformation. Analytical physical processes include qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is to grasp the nature and characteristics of movement from a qualitative aspect, find out the essential characteristics of movement, eliminate the interference of non-essential characteristics, and establish a model of the physical process. Quantitative analysis refers to the use of physical formulas to find out the quantitative relationship of physical quantities in each process, especially to find the same physical quantity, unchanged physical quantity and critical condition conditions in the physical process.
3. Choose the right method
Choosing the right method is one of the keys to transforming physical problems into mathematical problems. Only when we choose a suitable solution to the problem can we solve the problem smoothly and simply. In this link, do we use analysis, synthesis, counter-evidence, recursion, and whether to use isolation analysis and other methods.
4. Use mathematical knowledge to solve problems
The process of applying mathematical knowledge is a key link in transforming physical problems into mathematical problems. The role of mathematics in this process can be expressed in the following three aspects.
â‘ By looking for the quantitative relationship, adding quantitative factors to the physical model;
â‘¡ Use symbols to represent physical quantities, so that symbols become carriers of physical content, and code complex things;
â‘¢ List the relationship between the physical quantities in the problem according to the laws of physics, and realize the mathematicalization of the physical process.
When the mathematical expressions representing physical quantities are listed, you should use mathematical knowledge to find the results accurately, and pay attention to improving the efficiency of solving problems.
5. Discuss the verification results
Discussing the verification results is not only a process of reexamining the original problem, but also a link to evaluate whether the problem is solved successfully. Commonly used methods to discuss verification results are order of magnitude estimation method, special value hypothesis test method, etc.
The five key links mentioned above for solving problems are suitable methods for any type of physical problem. But physics problems of different problem types certainly have their own unique solutions. Of course, there are many types of exam questions in physics, and it is impossible to tell them one by one. The three types of questions used in college entrance examination (microblogging) physics are multiple choice questions, fill-in-the-blank questions and calculation questions. Some of the questions in the fill-in-the-blank questions are very similar to the multiple-choice questions, while others are very similar to the calculation questions.
(China Education Online)
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