Whether it is an incandescent lamp or a colored light, it brings a lot of aspects and taste to our lives. However, you may not know that even Edison can't predict, and now the lights will be accused by experts as "a kind of drug." "Being at night is a circadian rhythm of human beings, but in modern society, some are disrupted by the bright lights of the city. Light is an indispensable friend of mankind, but the excessive, excessive, and erratic light causes disturbance to the human body and even hurts it, which many people have not expected.
One, two-thirds live in light pollution
A US survey report shows that about two-thirds of the world's people live in light pollution. Moreover, the pollution caused by anthropogenic light has increased year by year, with Germany growing by 6% each year, and Italy and Japan by 10% and 12% annually. One-tenth of the world's drivers said that when they were driving in the hot sun, they would be suddenly attacked by the reflection of the glass curtain wall, so that they could not see the direction in an instant. Dr. Russell Reiter, an endocrinologist at the University of Texas Health Science Center, even said: "Light is a drug. Abuse of light is a health hazard."
Here is a case of serious infection by light. Chen Lin’s experience covers almost every city’s normal state. See if you are also this "Chen Lin"?
Chen Lin got up at 6:30 every morning, and the moment the light was turned on, the eyes were stabbed and hurt. When she went to work during the day, she was afraid to drive in sunny weather. "There is too much glass wall, and the sudden reflection of the sun makes me unable to stand it." When she got off work at night and was surrounded by bright lights, she was worried: "The whole city is Translucent and translucent, street lamps, colorful signs... The lights of various colors, shapes and materials are intertwined into a net, so I have to concentrate on my mind and drive carefully. To be unlucky to hit a headlight, strong White light even made my mind blank."
Second, the four major effects of lighting on human health:
When you are blinded by the light reflected from the glass curtain wall, you can instinctively raise your hand to cover your eyes or escape the light, but some light pollution and its harm, perhaps you are unconscious. In recent years, disputes caused by light pollution have increased year by year, and its impact on health has to be taken seriously.
1. Lead to cataracts.
According to the survey, the child who turns on the light and sleeps at the age of 2 years old has a myopia rate of about 55%; while the child who goes out to sleep, the myopia rate is only about 10%. The harsh visual environment caused by light pollution is considered to be an important factor in the high incidence of myopia. More research has shown that the incidence of cataracts is as high as 45% when working and living in a white bright and polluted environment for a long time. Li Ying, chief physician of the Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, told reporters that if it is in a strong light or colored environment for a long time, the crystal function of the eye will be affected, and it may cause cataract after the injury. Therefore, when encountering strong light, be sure to avoid direct eyesight.
2. Upset, anxious, unable to sleep.
Ms. Li, who lives in Nanjing West Road in the center of Shanghai, was forced to find a sleep expert by the flashing neon lights in the nearby high-rise buildings. "The beginning is that I can't sleep, then I can't fall asleep, and then I am afraid, upset, and anxious even at night." Shi Ming, a sleep expert and deputy director of the Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Insomnia Medical Collaboration Center, said that when people sleep, their eyes are closed. But the light will still pass through the eyelids, affecting sleep. According to his clinical statistics, about 5%-6% of insomnia is caused by environmental factors such as noise and light, of which light accounts for about 10%. “Once insomnia, the body will not get enough rest, and it will lead to deeper health problems.â€
3. Affect hormone secretion, and even lead to precocious puberty in children.
Dr. Russell Reiter found that nighttime light on the retina reduces melatonin production, an important substance that regulates the circadian rhythm. Light plunders the night and disrupts the rhythm of hormone secretion, which may lead to a normal cycle imbalance. Wu Xueyu, a professor of endocrinology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, said that if children are exposed to excessive light, the secretion of melatonin will be reduced, leading to precocious puberty or excessive genital development. The secretion of other hormones also has a circadian rhythm. For example, the androgen reaches the highest point at 7:00 in the morning, and the light will affect it. Light pollution can also affect people's mood, which in turn will affect hormone secretion indirectly.
4. People become depressed.
Professor Randy Nelson of Ohio State University said at the American Neuroscience Annual Meeting on January 21 that excessive exposure to light during the night may cause depression. Nie Jing also said that light pollution can cause dizziness, depression, physical weakness and other symptoms similar to neurasthenia.
For those who work at night or have a long night life, the damage from light pollution is even greater. A study published in the 2001 issue of the National Cancer Institute showed that the longer a woman works at night, the greater the risk of developing breast cancer. Nie Jing also told reporters that long-term exposure to the color of the dance hall, its ultraviolet rays can induce nosebleeds, tooth loss, cataracts, and even lead to leukemia and other cancers. The color light source is not only bad for the eyes, but also interferes with the central nervous system of the brain, causing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, insomnia, inattention, and low sexual desire.
Third, the family easily used the lights to make six mistakes:
1. There are too few lights and the lights are too dark.
In order to save money, some families are not willing to invest in lighting. On average, only one or two lamps are installed in each space, and the wattage of the lamps is relatively small, resulting in a dark interior, which makes the occupants prone to eye fatigue and production. Melancholy mood.
2. There are too many lights and the light is dazzling.
The home is a private space, and its function requires that the night lighting should not be as bright and bright as a shopping mall, a specialty store, a restaurant, a hair salon, etc., and the home needs a moderate and moderate illumination. However, there are often people who deliberately pursue bright and brilliant decorative effects. A large number of lamps such as chandeliers, spotlights, downlights, etc. are used. The result is that the light that is too bright causes great stimulation to the eyeball. If the home decoration also uses a large amount of reflective materials, it is strong. Reflected light is more harmful to human health.
3. The light source is single and there is too much cold light.
The color of the home is cold and warm, and the home lighting is also divided into warm and cold. In the home to create a warm and comfortable atmosphere, the lighting should be based on the principle of warm colors, supplemented by cool colors. As long as the warm light source and the cold light source are properly matched, in addition to meeting the indoor lighting, the home can be filled with a harmonious, serene, warm and even romantic atmosphere. Some people prefer cold colors and use cold light sources too much in their homes to form a serious, cold style. I believe that not many people like this atmosphere at home.
4. The lighting is not used properly, and the contrast between light and dark is too strong.
The indoor light should be as soft, uniform, and free of glare and shadows as possible. In order to create special effects in some spaces, some people use indoor lamps with opaque lampshades to make the interior clear and dark. When the person's line of sight turns from the bright area to the dark area, it takes a while for the eyes to see the dark areas. This is often easy to cause visual fatigue.
5. The color is messy and stimulates the nerves.
In order to create a romantic and warm atmosphere, some young people use some lanterns during the decoration. Commonly, there are pink, blue, purple, yellow, etc. These people do not consider that various colors will have an impact on the mood. The home is not the stage. The color of the light should not be too messy, otherwise it will make people feel excited, and long-term residence will lead to irritability.
6. The intensity of indoor illumination is not divided.
In the home, the indoor space has different requirements depending on the use of different functions. In ancient times, the principle of "dark room darkness" was put forward, which means that the illumination of the living room, study room, restaurant and other spaces is stronger than that of the bedroom, the kitchen, etc., so that the design lighting is more in line with the law of human life. If the light intensity of all the spaces in the room is the same, it will bring inconvenience to the daily life of the occupants.
4. Six suggestions for family use of lights:
Lighting design in home decoration must first consider health, and secondly consider coordination and function. It is understood that unreasonable lighting tools and improper lighting methods will have a great impact on health: bright light can change the internal clock of the brain and control sleep; working under the light for a long time will reduce the body's calcium. absorb. Therefore, citizens must pay attention to the issue of "light health" when setting up a new home.
1. Light color should not exceed 3 kinds
The choice of lighting color should consider the feelings of people in the living room. It is best not to use stimulating light colors in the bedroom, and should avoid strong contrast of colors, avoid red and green. The restaurant can choose yellow and orange lights, because these colors can stimulate appetite.
In addition, the red light looks festive, but it is easy to make people's blood pressure rise, breathing faster; and white light can make high blood pressure patients lower blood pressure, calm.
The most important thing is that the use of lighting color can not go to extremes, do not design the lighting into a colorful, so as not to endanger the health of the human body. If the color of the light is too large, it will be dazzling, which will damage the vision and interfere with the function of the nerves in the brain. Excessive color, easy to produce light pollution, if long-term exposure to color light pollution, it will induce nosebleeds, lost teeth, elevated blood pressure, cataracts, and even lead to leukemia and other cancers. In addition, unreasonable lighting colors can also affect a child's vision development.
The color of a room should not exceed 3 colors, and the colors should be coordinated.
2. Indoor lighting should be soft and not too bright or too dark
Light and gas are the two main factors in judging whether a house is livable. In ancient times, the lighting and gas of the house were basically derived from the natural environment. Therefore, the ancients attached great importance to the location and orientation of the house. Try to build the house in a place with sufficient light and wind.
With the continuous advancement of human science and technology, in modern society, people can improve the indoor phosgene environment to a certain extent through various technical means, rather than relying entirely on nature. In the case where the air convection is not ideal, the airflow speed in the room can be adjusted by a fan, an air conditioner, etc., and the artificial light can be used to keep the room bright in case of insufficient illumination.
3. At least two hours of sunshine per day
From the perspective of harmonious human settlements, the ideal home light environment is an organic combination of natural light and artificial light, both of which are indispensable. As we all know, the sun can kill harmful microorganisms in the indoor air; human skin can produce vitamin D after exposure to ultraviolet rays in the sun; sunlight can also prevent the occurrence of rickets in children; it can improve the body's immunity. Experts believe that two hours of daily sunshine per day is the minimum need to maintain human health and development. In ancient times, people said that the sun-filled house was “the sun-dwelling houseâ€, and the house with insufficient sunshine was called “the house of shady yinâ€, and that the former is livable and the latter is not suitable for living. At the same time, people will also live in the sun and the occupants. The lifespan is linked, and the book says: "Which people know that they have a long life, and they are eager to stay in the sky." It can be seen that the ancient and modern views are consistent on the issue that the house must have natural light.
In the selection of the residential stage, it is necessary to carefully examine the lighting conditions in the various spaces in the room. The luminosity is suitable for good vision during the day without turning on the lights. Try to avoid direct sunlight and pay attention to the uniformity of illumination. The indoor half-darkness is the expression of yin and yang imbalance. Some indoor spaces such as toilets and kitchens become "black toilets" and "black kitchens" due to lack of sunshine. It is also detrimental to the health of the occupants.
During the decoration stage, many people did not pay enough attention to the design of the artificial light environment. The installation of the lamps was not well considered, which led to the indoor lighting not meeting the daily activities of the occupants, causing the eyes of the occupants to suffer fatigue and vision loss. There are even symptoms such as headache, physical weakness, and lack of energy. According to the survey, 70% of consumers do not know that improper lighting decoration will have a negative impact on the health of residents.
4. The lights should not be dazzled
Correctly designing the interior lighting color has become another major consideration for people when decorating their houses: in home decoration, lighting design should not be dazzling and contrasting. The first design of lighting is of course health, the second is to consider coordination, and finally consider the function. It is good at using the relationship between light and color: color has a great influence on people's psychology and physiology. For example, blue can slow down the heart rhythm and adjust balance. Eliminate tension; beige, light blue, light gray is good for quiet rest and sleep, eliminate fatigue; red, orange, yellow can make people excited, uplifting spirit; white can make high blood pressure lowering, calm and calm; red makes blood pressure Elevated, breathing faster, and when the lighting and home color are perfectly combined, our home is more beautiful.
5. Room lighting should take care of health
The core of home lighting is a “light health†problem: light is related to our healthy life. Relevant experts believe that the so-called "light health" includes two aspects. First, the lighting must meet the functional requirements of the place, that is, the problem that people say that the light is not bright, the beauty is not beautiful; the second is that lighting must meet people's psychological requirements. Such as the effect of color temperature and brightness on people's emotions, and the harmony between light and shadow. Unreasonable lighting tools and improper lighting methods can have a big impact on health: bright light can change the brain's internal clock and control sleep. However, working under the light for a long time will reduce the absorption of calcium by the human body; too strong light waves will increase the abnormal cells and normal cell death.
6. Select color according to children's personality
The color choice of children's furniture should also take into account the children's psychological problems: it is usually the color of the children's personality design: personality, gender, age are the starting point of the design, if the child is more naughty, then in the color On the choice of static color, such as blue, green coal (19) into the room, his mood can be calm, if the child itself is more introverted, then you can use some relative warm colors, such as orange, pink, let him After entering the room, there is an emotional release. Through these details, the children can make a small psychological counseling in the room, which is conducive to their healthy growth.
Five, different lighting settings for different living rooms:
1. The bedroom lighting should not be too bright
The bedroom is a place to sleep and rest, always with warmth, quietness and comfort. Try to avoid dazzling lights or singularly complex lamps, but the lights should not be too dark to avoid feelings of depression.
It is best to turn off the screen lights of computers and TVs before going to bed, because scientists have recently discovered that even a little bit of light from late night computer screens and other electrical appliances may affect our circadian rhythm, making us wake up in the morning and become more difficult.
This latest study finds that contrary to what we previously thought, eye cells that help us see objects may also be involved in regulating circadian rhythms and may play an important role in designing phototherapy methods that treat sleep disorders or seasonal depression. Previous studies have shown that there are several special non-imaging cells in the eyes of humans and other mammals. These cells are located in the eye at different locations than the rods and cones used for vision, and they contain melanin, which absorbs blue light for some light-adjusting procedure, such as resetting the cycle of sleep awake Release hormones to alert the brain. These melanin-containing eye cells have led many to believe that only blue light stimulates non-visual effects and uses blue light to develop a variety of therapeutic devices and techniques, such as the use of blue light boxes that block blue light and the use of special glasses. Now, research by Joshua Gule and colleagues shows that other kinds of light may be as good as or better than blue light, depending on the lighting conditions.
In the study, they let normal people illuminate two different wavelengths of light, one is color-visible cell-induced light (green light), and the other is non-imaged blue-receptor cell-induced light (blue light). Unlike the expected results, non-imaging reactions are only caused by blue-light cells, and the researchers were surprised to find that green light and blue light performed equally well under dim light, or in a short period of time, indicating imaging of visual cells and Cones can play a role in adjusting the circadian rhythm system. Therefore, in predicting the effects of light on our circadian rhythms, hormones, and alertness, improved phototherapy should consider not only blue light, but other visible wavelengths, especially in dimly lit environments or in short periods of time.
There should be a suspended ceiling light in the bedroom, such as a long incandescent lamp on the roof. In order to make the light just right, you can also put a layer of white light and transparent crepe under the lamp to soften the strong light and make the room look full of emotion. The switch of the lamp should be separately controlled and collected, and installed in the place where the door can be accessed, so as to turn on the light in the shortest time.
2. The living room lights need to be leveled
The choice of lighting is directly related to the overall harmony and taste of the living room space. In order to reflect the beautiful lighting environment, the lighting of the living room should choose the lamps with strong artistic sense, and coordinate with the interior layout.
A floor lamp can be placed next to the sofa to create an intimate atmosphere for chatting with friends and family. If you have an audio-visual equipment such as a TV, you can install a wall lamp on the side to provide the best moderate lighting for your family watching TV.
3. The study lamp has the most complete function
The environment of the study should be elegant, simple and clear. In addition to reading and writing, the current study also has other modern tools such as computers.
Therefore, the study must have a high illuminance value and a quiet light environment. Therefore, simple subject lighting should be guaranteed in the study. Single chandeliers or fluorescent lamps can be used. The position is determined according to the specific conditions in the room. A small spotlight can be installed in the bookcase. This kind of lighting can not only help identify the title, but also Keep the temperature and prevent the books from oxidizing.
4. Kitchen for scattering lights
The kitchen is a family “studioâ€, and the brighter scattered lights make the kitchen look more spacious and tidy. The kitchen usually uses ceiling or chandeliers for general illumination and an embedded or semi-embedded astigmatism ceiling lamp above the console. Considering that kitchen fumes and water vapor are relatively heavy, kitchen lamps may often need to be removed and washed compared with lamps in other rooms, so it should be as simple as possible, and the materials of the lamps are also made of plastic and glass to facilitate cleaning. If the kitchen is used as a restaurant, the light source should be a warm incandescent lamp.
Sixth, the different effects of the lamps are different:
Although people use lights every day, many citizens only care about the style of the lamps during the decoration and ignore the choice of the light source, thus affecting the lighting effect. There are still people who have installed a lot of lights at home, but they just look like they are used. The energy consumption is not good, and the light environment is not ideal.
Energy saving lamp
Energy-saving lamps are popular for energy saving, and a 9-watt energy-saving lamp is equivalent to a 40-watt incandescent lamp. The life of energy-saving lamps is generally 8,000 to 10,000 hours. Some high-quality energy-saving lamps use constant-light technology, which can keep the lamp in the best working condition for a long time. After 2000 hours, the light decay is less than 10%.
2. Metal halide lamp
Metal halide lamps are actually one type of incandescent lamps, and their life span is generally between 3,000 and 4,000 hours, and will not exceed 6,000 hours. Such lights can be used for accent lighting, such as to highlight decorative paintings on the walls, interior ornaments, and the like.
3. LED lights
This kind of lamp is called a light-emitting diode and belongs to new technology. The white LED lamps on the market are better in performance, but the current LED lamps still need to be perfected in technology. First, the light effect is relatively low, and second, the color will be missing, and it is easy to cast color. Experts predict that, in theory, the life of LED lights is unlimited.
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